Somewhere in the Swedish mountains, scientists have found a Norway spruce tree that has reached an age of 9,550 years and is, allegedly, the oldest living tree in the world. Spruces prefer moisture, but not waterlogged soil. They take well to trimming & wiring. Pine needle scale is a white, elongated scale found feeding on the needles only. The pyramid-shape makes it as a viable choice for Christmas trees. Cuttings can be taken in late summer. Populations would have to be quite high to cause major damage. Picea glauca ‘Albertina conica’: Alberta spruce - Conical, with bright green foliage, this is a slow-growing dwarf. Cytospora canker, needle cast, and rust diseases, mites, eastern Spruce gall adelgid, Cooley’s Spruce gall adelgid, bagworms, spruce budworm larvae, sawfly larvae, Cone scales are consumed by caterpillars, and barks are fed by moths, Used for paper and timber production, making the vitamin C enriched spruce beer, constructing musical instruments. Picea torana: tiger-tail spruce - zone 6. Picea engelmannii is one of the toughest spruces, and is forgiving of mistakes made due to over-enthusiastic root/branch pruning. You need to enable user registration from User Manager/Options in the backend of Joomla before this module will activate. Picea abies ‘Little Gem’: dwarf spruce - an excellent variety for use in Saikei due to its tiny needles and small, compact growth. Use fast-draining soil mix, and prune roots by 1/3 or less. Prune the roots of a spruce only slightly, especially old trees will not tolerate loosing larger roots. Join our Bonsai forum to ask your questions. Spruces also benefit from leaf feeding which makes a nice dark green leaf color. © 2020 (Coniferous Forest). Seeds may be collected from cones between September and January, late August-September for P. glauca. Picea abies ‘Nidiformis’: bird’s nest spruce - This dwarf has bright, fresh green buds and grows to 3 ft. Picea abies ‘Pumila’ - This variety has small, dense foliage which makes it desirable for bonsai culture. The Norway spruce is a beautiful ornamental tree species. Water Spruces during dry weather. In northern climates, Spruce budworm larvae feed on developing buds and young needles. Specific Bonsai care guidelines for the Spruce Bonsai Tree. Old Tjikko, a clone of Norway spruce is believed to be 9, 550 years old, being the oldest living tree in the world. Protect from full sun for a few weeks after repotting. Picea glauca conica: white spruce - Hardy in zones 4-6, although survival in zone 2 has been reported, this common bonsai choice withstands heat and drought better than other spruce. Picea abies ‘Maxwellii’: Norway spruce, dwarf spruce - This is a natural dwarf which is hardy to zone 3. If you need help identifying your tree, try our Bonsai tree identification guide. “The Simon and Schuster Guide to Bonsai” Murata’s “Four Seasons of Bonsai”. Its tiny dense needles make it a sought after bonsai subject. Softwood cuttings may be taken in late autumn or early spring, but rooting is tricky and may take up to two years. It is also a popular selection for bonsai. Use a specific pesticide and in severe cases ask a professional gardener for help. Remember that the spruce will not backbud from old wood, so always leave needles and buds on a branch you want to keep. Picea abies ‘Pygmaea’: pygmy Norway spruce. The branches grow whorled. I tend to be moved more by those bonsai that give the illusion of a tree in its natural environment... those that appear untouched by human hands, than I do a tree that is so obviously a bonsai, groomed to a fault with the shears of tradition and styled with all of the "correct" cues and … Sawfly larvae may feed on the needles. Its needles are 3/4 inch long, and it grows to 90 feet in nature. Picea mariana (also called Picea nigra): black spruce. Repotting: Repot the spruce every two to four years, very old specimens can wait even longer. They are very hardy in their proper environment, but do not do well indoors. Especially in the lower half of the bonsai tree you should keep only one branch of a whorl. It is often necessary to exaggerate the bend desired when wiring to end up with proper branch placement. The Norway spruce is a beautiful ornamental tree species. Reduce watering in winter, but never allow the soil to dry out completely. Takes well to pot culture in hot, humid areas. It is recognizable by its dark green needles with white undersides, and its light brown young shoots. In hot areas, discontinue feeding during the heat of summer. Many varieties are tall, conical to pyramidal trees, most familiar as a popular Christmas tree. Never remove all needles. It is native from Pennsylvania north through Canada. Pinch new shoots in spring when they are still soft. Every two weeks, spring-mid-autumn, using liquid bonsai food or half-strength general purpose fertilizer. Their needle-shaped leaves are are four-sided and attached singly to the branches. In winter water less but never let the rootball dry out completely. The number of the tree’s synonym crosses 150. Picea glauca 'Conica' however is often tried but rarely makes good bonsai. Wire between late autumn and winter. Older specimens (+10 years) may be repotted every 5 years. Picea glauca densata: Black Hills spruce - This slow-growing spruce can survive drier conditions than most of the genera. Prune off infected branches. There are dwarf and weeping forms, and it is hardy in zones 4-7. The everyday variables that need to be controlled when you are caring for a spruce bonsai are light, temperature, and water. Article was last reviewed on 26th December 2019. Picea abies ‘Pumila Nigra’ - small, deep green foliage, with light green buds in spring. My personal taste in bonsai leans toward what I observe in nature. Siberian spruce is known to be its subspecies but scientists are researching about it as the two trees are extremely similar. In general, repot every second year in early to mid-spring, before new growth expands, or in early fall. Picea mariana ‘Nana’: dwarf black spruce - This dwarf has gray-green needles and cones less than 2 inches long. Two gall-forming insects commonly attack Spruce. Picea pungens ‘River Road’: blue spruce - zone 3. Its scientific name ‘abies’ means ‘fir-like’ in Latin. They can be a major problem in summer after hot dry weather, especially near concrete, buildings, and other urban surfaces which reflect heat. Bagworms make a sack by webbing needles and debris together. They prefer full sun but can tolerate some shade. Apply a chelated iron supplement several times yearly. Do major pruning in early fall. Misting is appreciated spring-fall. Dead needles are webbed together and can be found on infested twigs. Compiled by Sabrina Caine Edited by Thomas L. Zane. 40 cm high. It has coarse, spiny needles. Norway Spruce. These northern trees prefer cool temperatures, although small or young bonsai may need frost protection. The gall adelgids do not kill trees unless the infestation is heavy. Pruning and wiring: Due to the whorled growth there are always several branches growing at the same height on the trunk.

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