The bigger thing was Oracle DB dialect — we were forced to migrate to Oracle at some time in our project. You can inspect project roadmap to see what’s coming next or look into Change log for list of bug fixes and improvements. In our projects we decided to try the “typesafe SQL DSL” flavor of Exposed. However, Exposed also has a higher-level DAO API that constitutes a simple ORM. Now, instead, we're declaring the entity properties with var, because they're mutable slots in a database row. All variants take a closure: There are two notable objects involved in the closure above: When we have an insert statement with auto-generated columns (typically auto-increment or sequences), we may want to obtain the generated values. The implementation was rather straightforward, with DataType- and FunctionProvider interfaces to provide and just few tweaks in batch insert support. It just saves the connection parameters for later. Service Layer using Exposed. Exposed documentation is better now that there is a wiki. Using this technique you can rewrite this mapping to something like this: And now we can query by type-safe RefIds: One of the biggest selling point of ORM’s is how to easy is to deal with relations. Kotlin allows you to do Multi-Declarations and does this by using the componentN methods. When using Kotlin Exposed you start by describing your database structure using plain Kotlin code. Exposed allows to easily register your own column types or even generic WrapperColumnType implementation that you can find in our repo. The simplest query is one that returns all the rows of a given table: A query is an Iterable, so it supports forEach: The closure parameter, implicitly called it in the example above, is an instance of the ResultRow class. If, instead, we connect to the database using a DataSource, as is usually the case in enterprise applications (e.g., to benefit from connection pooling), we can use the appropriate connect overload: Every database operation in Exposed needs an active transaction. You can define your own column type or expressions, e.g. Another nice example is this repo by Seb Schmidt. Kotlin’s functional nature with first-class immutability support was not something that could seemly integrate with full-blown ORM started in pre-Java8 era. Please note! Let’s consider Article and Tag case from our project’s domain. This is particularly useful in DDD-ish architectures, where you can keep those RefIds in shared domain and use them to communicate between contexts. We felt that Kotlin would be something fresh and more pleasant for developers, but also liked the “not reinventing the wheel” approach — reusing large parts of Java/JVM ecosystem we were happy with for existing projects (Spring, Gradle, JUnit, Mockito). In fact, we have to use multiple transactions: Here, we've used three different transactions for convenience. The var someData:String parameter to the SimpleClass constructor is expanded to getter and setter methods. 0.17.7: Kotlin Exposed: 5: Nov, 2019: 0.17.6: Kotlin Exposed The generated toString, hashCode and equals methods are pretty standard and don’t really require any analyzing. You just annotate the related field/collection with OneToOne or OneToMany and then can fetch the whole graph of objects at once. SQL allows you to do calculations on columns over multiple rows using aggregate functions like COUNT, SUM, AVG etc. The companion object represents the entity class, that is, the static metadata defining the entity and the operations we can perform on it. After reading some “hello world” examples, including this great article by Sebastien Deleuze we decided to try Kotlin as main language a new MVNO project. Exposed is currently available for maven/gradle builds at https://bintray.com/kotlin/exposed (read Getting started for more information).
Exposed - Kotlin SQL Library. If we need to provide other connection parameters, we'll use a different overload of the connect method that gives us full control over the acquisition of a database connection: This version of connect requires a closure parameter. To update a row, we simply assign to its properties: While to delete an object we call delete on it: As with new, the update and operations are performed lazily. Most of the examples indicated in the exposed documentation show the insertion of limited amounts of data in the database. Kotlin creates a static KClass field which stores a reference to KClassImpl if you have kotlin-reflect.jar in your classpath. So, let's see what Exposed has to offer.
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